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The verb sille shall and the irrealis
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The past tense of the verb sille shall is the unmarked modal verb for the expression of irrealis in Modern Frisian. Whereas the Dutch equivalent zullen shall lacks a past participle, the Frisian counterpart has a complete paradigm and is used in more semantic contexts. Although the past tense of the irrealis verb may select a perfective infinitive, this construction should not be analysed as a B-construction of the type common in nineteenth-century Frisian. The distinction between realis and irrealis interacts with the distinction between present and past tense. The verb of the irrealis interacts with modal verbs. Verb clusters may feature a deviant word order in case the verb of the irrealis is the tensed verb having a modal verb in its complement (8.6.4). Some irrealis clusters exhibit the phenomenon of double perfect participles, or Participio-pro-Infinitivo (PPI).

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