- Dutch
- Frisian
- Afrikaans
- Dutch
- Phonology
- Segment inventory
- Phonotactics
- Phonological processes
- Phonology-morphology interface
- Word stress
- Primary stress in simplex words
- Monomorphemic words
- Diachronic aspects
- Generalizations on stress placement
- Default penultimate stress
- Lexical stress
- The closed penult restriction
- Final closed syllables
- The diphthong restriction
- Superheavy syllables (SHS)
- The three-syllable window
- Segmental restrictions
- Phonetic correlates
- Stress shifts in loanwords
- Quantity-sensitivity
- Secondary stress
- Vowel reduction in unstressed syllables
- Stress in complex words
- Primary stress in simplex words
- Accent & intonation
- Clitics
- Spelling
- Morphology
- Word formation
- Compounding
- Nominal compounds
- Verbal compounds
- Adjectival compounds
- Affixoids
- Coordinative compounds
- Synthetic compounds
- Reduplicative compounds
- Phrase-based compounds
- Elative compounds
- Exocentric compounds
- Linking elements
- Separable complex verbs (SCVs)
- Gapping of complex words
- Particle verbs
- Copulative compounds
- Derivation
- Numerals
- Derivation: inputs and input restrictions
- The meaning of affixes
- Non-native morphology
- Cohering and non-cohering affixes
- Prefixation
- Suffixation
- Nominal suffixation: person nouns
- Conversion
- Pseudo-participles
- Bound forms
- Nouns
- Nominal prefixes
- Nominal suffixes
- -aal and -eel
- -aar
- -aard
- -aat
- -air
- -aris
- -ast
- Diminutives
- -dom
- -een
- -ees
- -el (nominal)
- -elaar
- -enis
- -er (nominal)
- -erd
- -erik
- -es
- -eur
- -euse
- ge...te
- -heid
- -iaan, -aan
- -ief
- -iek
- -ier
- -ier (French)
- -ière
- -iet
- -igheid
- -ij and allomorphs
- -ijn
- -in
- -ing
- -isme
- -ist
- -iteit
- -ling
- -oir
- -oot
- -rice
- -schap
- -schap (de)
- -schap (het)
- -sel
- -st
- -ster
- -t
- -tal
- -te
- -voud
- Verbs
- Adjectives
- Adverbs
- Univerbation
- Neo-classical word formation
- Construction-dependent morphology
- Morphological productivity
- Compounding
- Inflection
- Inflection and derivation
- Allomorphy
- The interface between phonology and morphology
- Word formation
- Syntax
- Preface and acknowledgements
- Verbs and Verb Phrases
- 1 Characterization and classification
- 2 Projection of verb phrases I:Argument structure
- 3 Projection of verb phrases II:Verb frame alternations
- Introduction
- 3.1. Main types
- 3.2. Alternations involving the external argument
- 3.3. Alternations of noun phrases and PPs
- 3.3.1. Dative/PP alternations (dative shift)
- 3.3.1.1. Dative alternation with aan-phrases (recipients)
- 3.3.1.2. Dative alternation with naar-phrases (goals)
- 3.3.1.3. Dative alternation with van-phrases (sources)
- 3.3.1.4. Dative alternation with bij-phrases (possessors)
- 3.3.1.5. Dative alternation with voor-phrases (benefactives)
- 3.3.1.6. Conclusion
- 3.3.1.7. Bibliographical notes
- 3.3.2. Accusative/PP alternations
- 3.3.3. Nominative/PP alternations
- 3.3.1. Dative/PP alternations (dative shift)
- 3.4. Some apparent cases of verb frame alternation
- 3.5. Bibliographical notes
- 4 Projection of verb phrases IIIa:Selection of clauses/verb phrases
- 5 Projection of verb phrases IIIb:Argument and complementive clauses
- Introduction
- 5.1. Finite argument clauses
- 5.2. Infinitival argument clauses
- 5.3. Complementive clauses
- 6 Projection of verb phrases IIIc:Complements of non-main verbs
- 7 Projection of verb phrases IIId:Verb clusters
- 8 Projection of verb phrases IV: Adverbial modification
- 9 Word order in the clause I:General introduction
- 10 Word order in the clause II:Position of the finite verb (verb-first/second)
- 11 Word order in the clause III:Clause-initial position (wh-movement)
- Introduction
- 11.1. The formation of V1- and V2-clauses
- 11.2. Clause-initial position remains (phonetically) empty
- 11.3. Clause-initial position is filled
- 12 Word order in the clause IV:Postverbal field (extraposition)
- 13 Word order in the clause V: Middle field (scrambling)
- 14 Main-clause external elements
- Nouns and Noun Phrases
- 1 Characterization and classification
- 2 Projection of noun phrases I: complementation
- Introduction
- 2.1. General observations
- 2.2. Prepositional and nominal complements
- 2.3. Clausal complements
- 2.4. Bibliographical notes
- 3 Projection of noun phrases II: modification
- Introduction
- 3.1. Restrictive and non-restrictive modifiers
- 3.2. Premodification
- 3.3. Postmodification
- 3.3.1. Adpositional phrases
- 3.3.2. Relative clauses
- 3.3.3. Infinitival clauses
- 3.3.4. A special case: clauses referring to a proposition
- 3.3.5. Adjectival phrases
- 3.3.6. Adverbial postmodification
- 3.4. Bibliographical notes
- 4 Projection of noun phrases III: binominal constructions
- Introduction
- 4.1. Binominal constructions without a preposition
- 4.2. Binominal constructions with a preposition
- 4.3. Bibliographical notes
- 5 Determiners: articles and pronouns
- Introduction
- 5.1. Articles
- 5.2. Pronouns
- 5.3. Bibliographical notes
- 6 Numerals and quantifiers
- 7 Pre-determiners
- Introduction
- 7.1. The universal quantifier al 'all' and its alternants
- 7.2. The pre-determiner heel 'all/whole'
- 7.3. A note on focus particles
- 7.4. Bibliographical notes
- 8 Syntactic uses of noun phrases
- Adjectives and Adjective Phrases
- 1 Characteristics and classification
- 2 Projection of adjective phrases I: Complementation
- 3 Projection of adjective phrases II: Modification
- 4 Projection of adjective phrases III: Comparison
- 5 Attributive use of the adjective phrase
- 6 Predicative use of the adjective phrase
- 7 The partitive genitive construction
- 8 Adverbial use of the adjective phrase
- 9 Participles and infinitives: their adjectival use
- 10 Special constructions
- Adpositions and adpositional phrases
- 1 Characteristics and classification
- Introduction
- 1.1. Characterization of the category adposition
- 1.2. A formal classification of adpositional phrases
- 1.3. A semantic classification of adpositional phrases
- 1.3.1. Spatial adpositions
- 1.3.2. Temporal adpositions
- 1.3.3. Non-spatial/temporal prepositions
- 1.4. Borderline cases
- 1.5. Bibliographical notes
- 2 Projection of adpositional phrases: Complementation
- 3 Projection of adpositional phrases: Modification
- 4 Syntactic uses of the adpositional phrase
- 5 R-pronominalization and R-words
- 1 Characteristics and classification
- Phonology
- Frisian
- Introduction to Frisian
- Phonology
- Segment inventory
- Phonotactics
- Phonological Processes
- Assimilation
- Vowel nasalization
- Syllabic sonorants
- Final devoicing
- Fake geminates
- Vowel hiatus resolution
- Vowel reduction introduction
- Schwa deletion
- Schwa insertion
- /r/-deletion
- d-insertion
- {s/z}-insertion
- t-deletion
- Intrusive stop formation
- Breaking
- Vowel shortening
- h-deletion
- Replacement of the glide w
- Word stress
- Clitics
- Allomorphy
- Orthography of Frisian
- Morphology
- Inflection
- Word formation
- Derivation
- Prefixation
- Infixation
- Suffixation
- Nominal suffixes
- Verbal suffixes
- Adjectival suffixes
- Adverbial suffixes
- Numeral suffixes
- Interjectional suffixes
- Onomastic suffixes
- Conversion
- Derivation
- Syntax
- Verbs and Verb Phrases
- Characteristics and classification
- Unergative and unaccusative subjects
- Evidentiality
- To-infinitival clauses
- Predication and noun incorporation
- Ellipsis
- Imperativus-pro-Infinitivo
- Expression of irrealis
- Embedded Verb Second
- Agreement
- Negation
- Nouns & Noun Phrases
- Classification
- Complementation
- Modification
- Partitive noun constructions
- Referential partitive constructions
- Partitive measure nouns
- Numeral partitive constructions
- Partitive question constructions
- Nominalised quantifiers
- Kind partitives
- Partitive predication with prepositions
- Bare nominal attributions
- Articles and names
- Pronouns
- Quantifiers and (pre)determiners
- Interrogative pronouns
- R-pronouns
- Syntactic uses
- Adjective Phrases
- Characteristics and classification
- Complementation
- Modification and degree quantification
- Comparison by degree
- Comparative
- Superlative
- Equative
- Attribution
- Agreement
- Attributive adjectives vs. prenominal elements
- Complex adjectives
- Noun ellipsis
- Co-occurring adjectives
- Predication
- Partitive adjective constructions
- Adverbial use
- Participles and infinitives
- Adposition Phrases
- Characteristics and classification
- Complementation
- Modification
- Intransitive adpositions
- Predication
- Preposition stranding
- Verbs and Verb Phrases
- Afrikaans
- Phonology
- Segment inventory
- Overview of Afrikaans vowels
- The rounded and unrounded high front vowels /i/ and /y/
- The diphthongised long vowels /e/, /ø/ and /o/
- The unrounded mid-front vowel /ɛ/
- The unrounded low-central vowel /ɑ/
- The unrounded low-central vowel /a/
- The rounded mid-high back vowel /ɔ/
- The rounded high back vowel /u/
- The unrounded and rounded central vowels /ə/ and /œ/
- The diphthongs /əi/, /œy/ and /œu/
- Overview of Afrikaans Consonants
- The bilabial plosives /p/ and /b/
- The alveolar plosives /t/ and /d/
- The velar plosives /k/ and /g/
- The bilabial nasal /m/
- The alveolar nasal /n/
- The velar nasal /ŋ/
- The trill /r/
- The lateral liquid /l/
- The labiodental fricatives /f/ and /v/
- The alveolar fricatives /s/ and /z/
- The velar fricative /x/
- The approximants /ɦ/, /j/ and /ʋ/
- Overview of Afrikaans vowels
- Word stress
- The phonetic properties of stress
- Primary stress on monomorphemic words in Afrikaans
- Background to primary stress in monomorphemes in Afrikaans
- Overview of the Main Stress Rule of Afrikaans
- The short vowels of Afrikaans
- Long vowels in monomorphemes
- Primary stress on diphthongs in monomorphemes
- Exceptions
- Stress shifts in place names
- Stress shift towards word-final position
- Stress pattern of reduplications
- Phonological Processes
- Phonotactics
- Segment inventory
- Morphology
- Syntax
- Introduction to Noun Phrases
- Introduction to Adjective Phrases
- Characteristics and classification
- Complementation
- Modification and degree quantification
- Comparison by comparative, superlative and equative degree
- Attribution
- Predication
- The partitive adjective construction
- Adverbial use
- Participles and infinitives as adjectives
- Introduction to Verb Phrases
- Phonology
Word stress
quickinfo
In this part, an overview of the stress system of Dutch is presented. A distinction is made between stress assignment in simplex words and stress assignment in complex words, due to the fact that for morphologically complex words additional conditions apply. We will distinguish between primary and secondary stress and illustrate the interaction between stress assignment and syllable structure. Moreover, topics concerning vowel reduction in unstressed syllables will be covered.
readmore
- Stress in simplex words
- Primary stress
- Overview: stress in Dutch monomorphemic words (based on data from CELEX)
- Diachronic aspects of Dutch stress (native words vs. loanwords)
- Generalizations on the placement of primary stress in Dutch
- Penultimate stress as the default location of primary stress in Dutch?
- Lexical stress
- The closed penult restriction
- Closed B-class vowel syllables in final position
- The diphthong restriction
- Three-syllable window
- Superheavy syllables
- Segmental restrictions on stress placement
- Phonetic correlates of stress in Dutch
- Stress shifts in loanwords
- Quantity-sensitivity in Dutch
- Secondary stress
- Vowel reduction in unstressed syllables
- The influence of speech style on vowel reduction
- The influence of vowel quality on vowel reduction
- The combined influence of speech style and vowel quality on vowel reduction
- The influence of word frequency on vowel reduction
- The influence of syllable structure and position in the word on vowel reduction
- Variation among speakers
- Primary stress
- Stress in complex words
References:
Suggestions for further reading ▼
phonology
- Dutch
- Frisian
- Afrikaans
- Patterns of secondary stress in words with full vowels only
[65%] Dutch > Phonology > Word stress > Secondary stress
- Primary stress in simplex words
[64%] Dutch > Phonology > Word stress
- Overview: Stress in Dutch monomorphemic words (based on data from Celex)
[62%] Dutch > Phonology > Word stress > Primary stress in simplex words
- Stress in complex words
[60%] Dutch > Phonology > Word stress
- Hammock principle
[59%] Dutch > Phonology > Word stress > Secondary stress
- Word Stress
[72%] Frisian > Phonology > Word stress
- Patterns of secondary stress in words with full vowels only
[65%] Frisian > Phonology > Word stress > Secondary stress
- Secondary stress
[64%] Frisian > Phonology > Word stress
- Alternating stress principle
[64%] Frisian > Phonology > Word stress > Secondary stress
- Stress in complex words
[63%] Frisian > Phonology > Word stress
- Short /i/ in monomorphemes
[60%] Afrikaans > Phonology > Word stress > The short vowels of Afrikaans
- Stress in monomorphemes with final <a>
[59%] Afrikaans > Phonology > Word stress > The short vowels of Afrikaans
- Primary stress on diphthongs in monomorphemes
[58%] Afrikaans > Phonology > Word stress
- Acoustic correlates of stress in Afrikaans
[57%] Afrikaans > Phonology > Word stress > The phonetic properties of stress
- The phonetic properties of stress
[57%] Afrikaans > Phonology > Word stress
Show more ▼
morphology
- Dutch
- Frisian
- Afrikaans
- -matig
[55%] Dutch > Morphology > Word formation > Derivation > Adjectives > Adjectival suffixes
- -aal and -eel
[53%] Dutch > Morphology > Word formation > Derivation > Nouns > Nominal suffixes
- -ing
[52%] Dutch > Morphology > Word formation > Derivation > Nouns > Nominal suffixes
- -aris
[51%] Dutch > Morphology > Word formation > Derivation > Nouns > Nominal suffixes
- -achtig
[51%] Dutch > Morphology > Word formation > Derivation > Adjectives > Adjectival suffixes
- Cardinal numbers
[52%] Frisian > Morphology > Inflection > Numerals
- Interrogative pronouns
[51%] Frisian > Morphology > Inflection > Pronouns
- -ier
[51%] Frisian > Morphology > Word formation > Derivation > Suffixation > Nominal suffixes > Noun as base
- -heid, -ens and -ichheid
[50%] Frisian > Morphology > Word formation > Derivation > Suffixation > Nominal suffixes > Adjective as base
- In prenominal position
[50%] Frisian > Morphology > Inflection > Adjectives
- Conversion
[51%] Afrikaans > Morphology > Word formation
- Non-native affixes
[50%] Afrikaans > Morphology > Word formation > Affixation
Show more ▼
syntax
- Dutch
- Frisian
- Afrikaans
- 1.1.1. Properties of adpositions
[52%] Dutch > Syntax > Adpositions and adpositional phrases > 1 Characteristics and classification > 1.1. Characterization of the category adposition
- Preface and acknowledgments
[51%] Dutch > Syntax > Preface and acknowledgements
- Introduction
[51%] Dutch > Syntax > Verbs and Verb Phrases
- Introduction
[51%] Dutch > Syntax > Adpositions and adpositional phrases > 5 R-pronominalization and R-words
- 1.3. Inflection
[50%] Dutch > Syntax > Verbs and Verb Phrases > 1 Characterization and classification
- Inflection and derivation
[51%] Afrikaans > Syntax > Introduction to Verb Phrases > Characterization and classification
- Root modality
[51%] Afrikaans > Syntax > Introduction to Verb Phrases > Characterization and classification > Modality
- Finite declarative complement clauses: construction forms
[50%] Afrikaans > Syntax > Introduction to Verb Phrases > Complement clauses > Finite declarative complement clauses
- Mood
[50%] Afrikaans > Syntax > Introduction to Verb Phrases > Characterization and classification
- 3.3.3 Nominative and PP alternations
[50%] Afrikaans > Syntax > Introduction to Verb Phrases > Alternations > Alternations of Noun Phrases and Prepositional Phrases
Show more ▼
ABOUT THIS TOPIC
Author(s):
Björn Köhnlein
Category:
Dutch Phonology
Publication date:
07 August 2019
Keywords:
stress
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